Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina Federation
City of Mostar
PCU
Number:
Date:
World Bank
Infrastructure Sector Unit
Regional Office for
Europe and central Asia
Report on the state of the project
“Old
Bridge” in Mostar
Bosnia
and Herzegovina
Period from 1st July 1999 to 31st December
1999
PCU Deputy director PCU
director
Anton Novak Rusmir
Čišić
Signed Signed
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Pilot cultural heritage project
Table of contents
1. Introduction
– basic information about the project.................................................. 2
1.1.History................................................................................................................ 2
1.2.Bridge description.............................................................................................. 2
1.3.The soil below the Old Bridge foundations
consists of the several layers.............................................................................. 2
1.4.Existing state...................................................................................................... 3
2. The basic objectives of the project.......................................................................... 3
3. Establishment of the Project Coordination
Unit....................................................... 4
4. Project activities...................................................................................................... 5
5. Neighbourhood program......................................................................................... 8
6. Infrastructure......................................................................................................... 10
1.
Introduction – basic
information about the project
Mostar has been established in 14th century and it
began developing in the area around the wooden bridge suspended on chains.
Thereafter the town developed quickly taking priority over Blagaj, even older
city, which up to that time was the capital of Herzegovina.
In 1468 the Ottoman period begins. At that time
Mostar consisted of 19 houses, but linking those two parts of Herzegovina, it
soon developed a big strategic and trading importance and it has become a
crossroads point from the north towards south and from the east towards the
west. That is why the old wooden bridge protected with towers, in which the
guard called “Mostari” resided, had to be replaced with a new bridge which
would better meet the needs of increased traffic. The building of the bridge
begins in 1557, at the request of the Sultan the Magnificent, and it lasted for
10 years. The new bridge has been designed by the architect Hayrudin, the pupil
of famous Sinan, and that bridge was finalized in 1566. On both sides of the
bridge two towers have been built which at that time hosted a garrison
numbering 160 soldiers.
The basic bridge dimensions have been the
following ones:
The span between two built supports of the bridge
(defined as the span) varies from 28,52 metres and 28,71 metres.
The overall height of the support measured from
the lowest bank level amounts 18,3 metres at the left Neretva riverbank and 15,
5 metres at the right riverbank.
The interior arch part has been designed
following the radius of 20 arshins (1 arshin = 0,712 m)
The breadth of the bridge, including the fence,
was 4,5 m.
Bridge entrance level is 57,3 metres above sea
level
Bridge crown level is 62,33 metres above sea
level
River bottom level below the bridge middle is
approximately at metres above sea level
Note: mnm indicates the level marked in relation
to the sea level of 0 metres.
Main dimensions of the bridge support:
The length of the bottom side of the upstream support on the
left bank is 30 metres.
The length of the upper side of the upstream support on the left
bank is 14 metres.
The height of the lower front part on the left bank is 6 metres.
The height of the upper front part on the left bank is 11
metres.
The length of the lower side of the downstream support on the
left bank is 10 metres.
The length o the lower side of the downstream support on the
left bank is 18 metres.
The height of the front part on the right bank is 16 metres.
The height of the downstream support on the right bank is 13
metres.
1.3. The soil below the Old Bridge foundations consists of the several layers.
Gravel and sand in the riverbed.
Loosely connected conglomerates below the founddations and in
the riverbed.
Hard conglomerates below the foundations.
Layers of marly clay below the conglomerates.
Marly soil.
In the loosely connected conglomerates below the
foundations in the riverbed the connections consist of calcite with scarce
quantities of clay, iron, organic substances, and the fine granulation of
quartz and feldspar. The links are very prone to washing out. Hard
conglomerates are tightly connected.
The bridge was destroyed in 1993 with the
horizontal hits from the tank, located at the small “Stotina” hill, downstream
of the bridge on the right riverside. The result of these hits is the complete
destruction of the bridge, some hits in the bridge supports and of course some
secondary impacts to the construction remains. After the destruction a fragile
pedestrian suspension bridge was set up. At the left bank and the right bank
the concrete foundation of the doors were made on the top of the bridge
remains, serving in addition as the counterweight for the suspension cables.
In early 1995 heavily damaged pedestrian bridge
was replaced with a heavier and sturdier suspension construction.
In the spring of 1998. this pedestrian bridge was
disassembled and it was replaced with a metal construction having a wooden
floor, and the same bridge was located upstream from the former bridge, in
order to free the walls and the supports for the works in the reconstruction.
On 16th December 1999 a large wave of
Neretva river completely destroyed the abovementioned bridge.
In September 1997 a Hungarian battallion of SFOR, assisted by Hídépítö
from Budapest, started to excavate and to collect the stones of the Old Bridge
which are located in the river. The extracted stone was set aside at the built
platform, located downstream from the bridge on the right river bank (50 metres
off the bridge).
In May 1998 Hídépítö company with a team of scuba
divers carried out a visual inspection of the riverbed and the topographic
recording of the cavities in the lower part, in the vicinity of the
foundations.
The first detailed recordings and the
investigations which were carried out on the bridge, as well as the analyses of
the stability of the bridge construction, were implemented in 1960. These
investigations have shown that some works to the repair of the rock to which
the foundations of the support and at the arch of the bridge lean are
indispensable.
2.
The basic objectives of the
project
The aim of the project is to improve the climate
for reconciliation among the peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina by way of
recognizing and the restoration of their joint heritage in the city of Mostar.
The reconciliation among the constituent peoples is largely considered a
preconditions for te economic revitalization and the social cohesion in the
post-conflict situation in the country. The objective will be implemented by
way of the unique partnership in the support to the culture which covers the
local community, the government of the country, UNESCO, World Monuments' Fund
and the Aga Khan Culture Trust Fund.
This project will improve as well the economic
life of the city of Mostar, and the whole region of the Herzegovina-Neretva
canton. As the biggest point we draw your attention to the touristic
development. The city of Mostar has been renowned for its cultural historical
heritage and the Old Bridge. With reconstruction of this project city of Mostar
will get back to tourism, and the overall development of running of hotels by
small businesses. These expectations we substantiate with the fact that in the
vicinity there are the places of Međugorje and Blagaj. These two places are
even nowadays visited by a high number of pilgrims from all over the world. By
the building of the Old Bridge it is to be expected that a large number of
tourists will come to the city of Mostar. The vicinity of the Mostar airport,
which is already operational for the civilian traffic will create ever bigger
opportunities to visit the city of Mostar. With the development of tourism,
small businesses, we expect to raise the overall standard of the citizens of
the city of Mostar.
3.
Establishment of the Project
Coordination Unit
With the decision of the city government of city
of Mostar numbered 01-1768/98 dated 1st December 1998 the Project
Coordination Unit (PCU) was set up, as a financially and legally independent
unit. With the decision of the city government on 22nd June 1999 for
the Project Coordination Unit director was appointed Mr. Čišić Rusmir, and for
his deputy Mr. Anton Novak. For the assignments of the expert collaborator was
appointed Mr. Gilles Pequeux in behalf of the European Committee.
Ante Šain has been appointed for procurement assignments
Dr. Damir Zaklan has been appointed for financial assignments
Ermana Omerović has been appointed for accounting assignments
Prof. Dragi Pavlović – a main translator
Sanja Landeka – Project Coordination Unit secretary
Rifat Frenjo driver and
Vesna Efendić the translator for Mr. Pequeux.
The Unit is located in the central zone in the
premises covering 200 square metres. All the decisions regarding the
accomodation, furnishing, and the selection of the employees the Project
Coordination Unit of the Old Bridge building has harmonized with the World
Bank.
The World Bank gave the no objection for all the
employees, and looked into their expertise for certain assignments (Addendum no.
1 – Project Coordination Unit organization chart). The adaptation of the
premises has been carried out by the "Stari Mostar" Foundation in the
central zone of the city of Mostar. As well it implemented the purchase of
furniture, and a certain number of computers. These activities the "Stari
Mostar" Foundation carried out in July and August 1999. The address is:
Adema Buća 17, Mostar. Up to the building of the abovementioned Project
Coordination Unit premises, the employees have been working in very difficult
working conditions since they have been forced to change their working
locations incessantly.
Project Coordination Unit registration was
carried out in the cantonal court of the Herzegovina canton in Mostar.
A joint account has been opened in the Institute
for the payment circulation – District, and the bank account has been opened in
the Hrvatska banka (Croatian bank) Mostar.
If we see the quoted activities:
Appointment of the director, his deputy
Project Coordination Unit registration
Opening up of the joint account (Institute for the payment
circulation)
Opening up of the bank account (Croatian bank)
Building of the rooms
Establishment on the parity basis the employees of the Project
Coordination Unit
Procurement of furniture and computer equipment
Procurement of vehichle
"Stari Mostar" Foundation ceasing to operate
appointing of a person for procurement
appointing of a person for accounting assignments
the training for the accountant and the financial expert have
been completed
all the contracts among the city, World Bank and the UNESCO have
been signed
The fulfillment of all the conditions, and the remaining
conditions, which we have received by the project leader, A. K. Nassau, and it,
had 20 points, the World Bank on 3rd December 1999 PROCLAIMED THE
CREDIT OPERATIONAL.
With the establishment of the Project Coordination Unit the
first activity was the cleaning the Neretva riverbed from the remains of the
destroyed Old Bridge. As it has been pointed out in the beginning of our
report, the SFOR units partly executed the stone extraction in 1997. In the
July of 1999, Project Coordination Unit made a decision to implement the final
cleaning of the Neretva riverbed from all the remains of the Old Bridge.
This operation began on 19th July 1997, and it lasted
till 20th August 1999 when the SFOR units (the Hungarian battalion)
were engaged again. Project Coordination Unit by means of engagement of the
domestic executing agencies implemented the preparatory activities at the ramp,
platform and the sand platform. We would like to highlight the excavation of
the stone arch of the Old Bridge, which weighted 40 tons.
UNESCO expert team has been specially insisting that the part of
the arch should be extracted in full in order to implement a detailed analysis
of the connectivity of the stone, mortar, dowels, and so forth.
As well we would like to point out the engagement of
Elektroprivreda Federacije BiH which organized a joint meeting with the Project
Coordination Unit representatives and agreed upon the terms (800-1800)
of the biological minimum 50 m/second during the time of the implementation of
the stone extraction operation. We have to stress that it was the first meeting
where at the same table was sitting the tow companies after the past clashes.
The extracted stone of minor dimensions was set aside at the
platform. At the platform was carried out a duly disposal, sorting of the
extracted stone, in order for the Institute for the protection of the cultural
heritage of the city to begin marking, recording and making photographs of the
extracted stone.
The quoted analysis will be especially important for the expert
team. The expert team at its third session held on 30th June 1999 in
Mostar made a decision that the same materials for the building of the Old
Bridge have to be utilized with the advanced building technologies. As well it
was pointed out that the extracted stone would not be able to be used since it
has remained in water for six years, and it lost its particular features. As then
the decision for the purchasing of the additional stone quantities was made,
and the extracted stone would be used as a one-off specimen.
In July 1999, we set down to preparing the project assignment
for the geological investigations. We have sent the tender invitation to the
following companies:
1. ARCADIS TRISCHLER
& PARTNER (Germany)
2. Conex-Yeralti
Aramacilik (Turkey)
3. Geotehnika
(Croatia)
4. Institut za
geologiju (BiH)
5. ISMES – GRUPPO ENEL
(Italy)
6. Simon &
Christensen (Luxembourg)
Pre-tender meeting it was proposed the 30th July
1999, but it was not held in the agreed term since the “Stability Pact” was
held in Sarajevo then, and the aircraft traffic in Bosnia and Herzegovina was
blocked. Pre- tender meeting was held on 5th August 1999 at 930
in Mostar. At the meeting were present the following companies:
1.
Geotehnika – Zagreb
2.
Yon.-Tven. Conex-Yeralti, Geološki zavod
3.
Simon & Christiansen
The remaining companies have not expressed the readiness to
participate in the pre-bid meeting. At this meeting the Project Coordination
Unit team has answered all the questions of the firms present. At the meeting
it was demanded for the term of tender 24th August to be prolonged
for 15 days and that it should take place on 20th September 1999 at
1400. With the World Bank’s approval the new deadline was accepted
completely. On 20th September till 1400 hours the
following bids came in:
1.
Geotehnika – Zagreb
2.
Yon.-Tven. Conex-Yeralti, Geološki zavod
3.
Simon & Christiansen
The offer of a German Company Arcadis Trischler & Partner
came with a big delay. With the World Bank consultations a decision was made
that the quoted offer should not be opened, but to be returned to the quoted
German Company. Project Coordination Unit has followed World Bank advice, and
it has returned the quoted offer. At the bid opening were present the quoted
companies. As the tender was a public one, minutes have been drawn up, and it
was forwarded to the World Bank. As the tender committee was not harmonized, we
had to harmonize it with the mayor Mr. I. Prskalo and deputy mayor S. Oručević,
and owing to those reasons we were not able to start the evaluation of the
quoted bids. As the tender committee was harmonized, the tender committee
consisted of:
Project Coordination Unit director Čišić Rusmir
Project Coordination Unit deputy director Novak Anton
Procurement Šain Ante
European Commission G. Pequeux
These are the permanent committee members whereas the UNESCO
representative is changed depending on the field covered in tender in question.
In case of geological investigations was present the UNESCO representative
Prof. Gojković Milovan. From 1st December 1999 to 3rd
December 1999 tender committee carried out evaluation of the bids arrived. On 3rd
December 1999 we sent minutes in the World Bank in order to receive official no
objection regarding the selection of the company for the geological
investigations. On 3rd December 1999 Project Coordination Unit
received the official no objection by the World Bank that for the geological
investigations was appointed Yon-Tven. Company Conex-Yeralti – Geološki zavod
SA. Presently Project Coordination Unit is working on the preparation of the
contract for the quoted company in order for the works to commence as soon as
possible.
In July 1999 we also worked on the preparation of the
preliminary project assignment relating to photogrammetry, calculations and
estimate. The payment of this activity will be carried out from the donation of
Italian government, taking into account that the requirement was set that for
the photogrammetry field only Italian companies should be invited. For the
field of photogrammetry three Italian companies entered their names for the
competition. The preparatory meeting in the field of photogrammetry was 7th
January 2000. Laboratory tests were also taken into consideration at the
beginning in September 1999, so that we set down to preparing the preliminary
project assignment. We drew up a short list of 6 bidders, and we sent their
references to World Bank to make comments. This activity was completed on 17th
December 1999.
From 12th December 1999 to 17th December
1999 a very important operative meeting was held in Mostar where the World Bank
representatives were present:
Lawrence Hannah – Task Team Leader
Ahmet Gokce – procurement specialist
A. K. Nassau
Siew Chai Ting – financial system in SA
Vesna Frančić – implementation in SA
Project coordination team consisted of:
Čišić Rusmir–Project Coordination Unit director
Novak Anton– Project Coordination Unit deputy director
Dr. Damir Zaklan – financial expert of Project Coordination Unit
Omerović Ermana – accountant
Šain Ante – procurement officer
G. Pequeux – tehnical consultant
The main problems which have been dicussed and
analyzed at this meeting were:
1. Acquisition of 400 m3
of stone for the building of the Old Bridge.
2. Organization of the
meeting for the donors, in order to acquire the remaining means for the project
implementation.
3. Adoption of the plan
deadline for the 2000.
4. Adoption of the
financial plan for the 2000.
5. Administrative budget
preparation.
6. Neighbourhood program.
7. The collaboration of
the Aga Khan Foundation, World Monuments' Fund, UNESCO and World Bank with
Project Coordination Unit.
Project Coordination Unit representatives stated
as the biggest problem the acquisition of the additional stone quantities (400
m3). "Stari Mostar" Foundation has carried out in 1998.
the purchase of 400 m3 of tenelija stone from the Mukoša quarry, and
it transported the stone and placed the stone duly to the designated locality.
At the meeting of the expert team which was held on 30th June 1999.
it was concluded that the 400 m3 which was acquired would not
suffice, and the team has demanded from the mayor and the deputy mayor to
provide in the Mukoša quarry the additional stone quantities in order not for
the building of the Old Bridge to come into question. As well it was pointed
out that presently that there was no means for the purchase of the stone. After
the detailed discussion a conclusion was made to find the means for the
acquisition of the additional stone. The means for the acquisition of the
additional stone quantities will be sought by means of donors of governments of
Turkey, Slovenia and Croatia or else the new credit resources would be approved
by the World Bank.
The basic assignment of the Project Coordination
Unit is the restoration of the Old Bridge, Tara and Halebija towers, and the
structures at the Old Bridge locality – the towers.
However the Project Coordination Unit has to
encompass the infrastructure and the neighbourhood as well.
This program Project Coordination Unit will work together with
the City Administration, and the Aga Khan Foundation. Aga Khan Foundation set
aside 400 000 USD for structures in neighbourhood and the infrastructure. Here
we deem important the preparation of the complete project documentation, with
appropriate urban planning approvals. We would like to prevent the hodgepodge
ruling at the neighbourhood structures. Here we specially accentuate the
hodgepodge of the roofs and façades, which create the ugly ambient to the
surroundings, and thus disturb the urban planning authenticity.
With a view to the preparation of the neighbourhood program
Project Coordination Unit sent requests to the appropriate institutions for the
issuing of the urban planning approvals, cadastre statements, land-registry
certificates and in such a way intends to complete the administrative
preparations.
Re: information about the works in the Old Bridge restoration in
Mostar by Aga Khan Culture Trust Fund, World Monuments' Fund
Aga Khan Culture Trust Fund and World Monuments' Fund
March 1998 – December 1999
Based on agreement with
"Stari Mostar" Foundation signed in March 1998 (Mayor Safet Oručević,
Dr. Stefano Bianca and Bonnie Burnham
The technical component has been accomplished in full
cooperation with the Institute for the protection of the cultural heritage of
Mostar.
A. Planning
(Planning Component)
1.
Digitalization of the map of the city
2.
Historical analyses
3.
Conceptual plan for the urban area of Mostar
4.
Photographic archives
5.
Computer archives of data
6.
Regulation plan of the old part of the city with 1500 structures
The overall realized amount (according to the international
norms) around 540 000 USD
B. Project of rehabilitation of the Old Bridge surroundings
(Neighbourhoods Rehabilitation Component)
1.
Detailed elaboration of the elements quoted under the component
A. – planning with the architectural-implementation drafts of the quoted structures
and detailed economic elaboration
2.
Restoration operation in the structures A4-102, A4-103, A5-7a
C. Project of restoration of the structures with monumental
character
(15 priority buildings)
1.
Complete recording of the state, proposals for restoration
2.
Publication
3.
Test consolidation of Lakišić’s house
The overall realized amount (according to the international
norms) around 125 000 USD
The total realized amount 700 000 USD
Information which may be useful:
IRCICA
Istanbul
A.
Fifth workshop was realized in
July 1999.
Sixty-four persons participated. Seven projects were elaborated.
Total costs in 1999 190 000 USD.
In all the projects of Mostar 2004 347 participants from 25
countries took place.
The total value of the program in the period 1994-1999
Costs of the participants, work in particular institutions,
publication 935 000 USD.
Partners: IRCICA, city of Mostar, Aga Khan Culture Trust Fund,
UNESCO, UNPD, Municipality of Istanbul, local technical partner Institute for
the protection of the cultural heritage of Mostar
B.
One project was realized
comprising 45 accomplished projects of Mostar 2004.
Reconstruction of the Nezir-aga’s mosque, donor Dr. Sultan Al
Qasimi, Sheik of the Charge.
Total value 500 000 USD. Administrative partner "Stari
Mostar" Foundation, technical partner Institute for the protection of the
cultural heritage of Mostar
C.
In 2000. realization of four
new projects is planned.
One of the crucial issues in the old part of the city is the
completion of the infrastructure problems. It is very important to find the
means for the solution of the infrastructure (water supply, electric energy
supply, sewage, and post office services). After the building of the Old Bridge,
it would be very unpleasant and inconvenient to start the works relating to
infrastructure.
We opine that during 2000. we should provide the means for the
quoted works, and that this activity should be completed before the building of
the Old Bridge.
Infrastructure implemented in the right way in the old part of
the city would improve the rent collection for the business premises which are
let to rent, and thus to provide a substantial part of the means for the IDA
credit repayment.
The accomplished
infrastructure and the surroundings of the Old Bridge and the old city part
will make a much more beautiful picture to the visitor’s eye, and to every
citizen of the city of Mostar.