RECONSTRUCTION OF THE OLD BRIDGE

MOSTAR

NEWSLETTER  9                  MARCH 31, 2003               MOSTAR, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

 

 

CENTERING

 

Six wooden half-circled planks were placed on the steel construction of the centering, of which we wrote about in more details before. They allow the curve of The Old Bridge arch to be completely executed as it was before its demolition.

 

Because of their dimensions, half-circled planks were transported in parts to the site and placed on the platform. They were lifted one by one from the platform onto centering by crane, then placed on foreseen location and put together. 

 

First two wooden half-circled planks were placed

 

Wooden covering was placed onto half-circled planks from the upper side, and it consists of planks placed by their length vertically onto extending direction of half-circled planks. This covering will be the final layer of the centering and all stone blocks will be placed directly on it. At the moment its surface looks exactly as the Old Bridge intrados will look like.

 

Wooden covering on the half-circled planks

 

Although technical acceptance of the centering has already been conducted, half-circled planks on the left bank are not completely installed. This will allow undisturbed injection of the abutment wall on that side.

 

Immediately after the injection process, the remaining few parts of the half-circled planks will be installed on the left bank. Covering with planks will be continued after that, on both sides of the bridge at the same time. 

 

 

 

PORTAL CRANE

 

Portal crane which will be used at reconstruction works is out serial. It was made according to special order, only for reconstruction of the Old Bridge. The crane is composed of steel profiles whose dimensions are statically calculated, precisely for this task, which allows better and safer performance of works. “Cat” is hooked on the main beam of the crane, on which chain pulley is then put.

 

Erected portal crane

 

Crane is capable of caring a cargo in all three directions: forward-backward on steel trails along the centering, then left-right, with the help of the “cat” and naturally up-and-down by lifting the pulley on steel chain.

 

Manipulation of the crane is manual. This way of handling allows maximum of preciseness. Moreover, with manual handling we avoid swinging of cargo, namely heavy stone blocks.

 

Portal crane

 

Lifting power of portal crane is 3 tons, which is more then double then the weight of the heaviest block in the arch.

 

After this, mechanism must be found which allows that every block is put on its place without any damage and as precisely as possible.

 

It is very important to make the mechanism in the best and most effective way because the safety of the stone blocks and the workers will depend on it. The value of each stone block is enormous, not only when it is measured in money, but also because there is not much more blocks with these characteristics in the Mukoša quarry, from which tenelija was extracted. Because of that, great attention is given to the fact that every stone is faultlessly placed on its location.

 

 

PAVEMENT

 

Pavement is the part that will be mostly reused in the “new Old Bridge”. 

 

Pavement that remained on the bridge entrances was numbered and marked before dismantling. After that it was dislocated and stored in cemetery Semovac, onto specially prepared bedding and piled in the shape as they were on the bridge.

 

Pavement on the left bridge entrance

 

Momentarily, it is determined how many of original pavement stones will be returned onto bridge surface, meaning that for each stone it will be separately decided whether it will be returned to the bridge surface and its entrances.  

 

On the basis of above mentioned, evaluations and orders are made for the new stones. It is important that the new stones for the pavement, those that will replace separate original stones, satisfy the same criteria as the old stones. That means the new stones need to have the same quality and texture, and that other important characteristics match the characteristics of the old stones.

 

Bridge entrance on right bank before dismantling

 

All of this is very important because the pavement, as the surface layer of the arch and bridge entrance, will be exposed to the most numbered “supervision”, that is the citizens of Mostar who lived with that bridge. 

 

Pavement will be made according to precise calculations and projects; which means according to precise dimensions and location of each separate pavement stone on bridge entrances and the arch. Stone will be extracted from the quarry in Opine, although several other locations were considered. Effort was made that all other materials that will be used on reconstruction of the Old Bridge come from Mostar municipality, because it is assumed that the builders of Old Bridge did not go very far to get the stone for the pavement and other materials. The assumption is that during  that period

 

 

Chiseling of different stone surfaces (inner, outer, etc.) is also tested in Komos storage.

 

At the same time, stove for lead is being manufactured according to the special order. Lead must be of certain temperature when it is poured into holes for dowels and cramps, so it would not break later or close the channel for filling the cavities, or other possible difficulties. This will be discussed in the following newsletter, with a description of a vessel in which the lead will be melted.  

 

 

QUALITY CONTROL

 

The laboratory

 

This is one of the most important pre-phases of every process. Characteristics of material that wants to be used in reconstruction must be tested and determined precisely; visual (which are also important in this case, because it is the matter of reconstruction), as well as physical, chemical, statical and other important characteristics of material.   

 

All material that will be used in reconstruction of Old Bridge must go through these tests. By that we mean everyday tests by the team of people with adequately equipped hand-laboratory. They take samples and perform momentarily analysis, and what can not be tested on the spot, is sent to their laboratories outside the site.

 

Testing of solidity

 

In the purpose of better and faster testing of material, Contractor provided mentioned hand-laboratory on the platform.

 

To date, characteristics of all kinds of stones that will be used were tested (tenelija, limestone, breča), metal for cramps, dowels, and bridge fence, lead for connection of metal parts, sand and naturally distinguished lime for the mortar and re-pointing of walls, etc.

 

 

Workers are putting half-circled planks on the left side

 

Technical acceptance of the centering was conducted on 14.03.2003, in the presence of the Contractor, Subcontractor and the Supervision. “As built” design of the centering was checked by comparing with the condition foreseen by the project.

 

The centering on 14.03.2003

 

Naturally, all phases of the construction and installation of the half-circled planks are followed by geodetic measuring. Teams of the Contractor and Supervision are always present on the site. Phase of installing the half-circled planks and wooden covering is withal the most important, because correct installation of the Old Bridge arch depends on this phase.

 

Detail of the centering

 

INJECTION WORKS

 

Equipment for injection

 

Most of the injection work is finalized to date. Almost all abutments above and beneath the cornice are injected. Abutments above the cornice are injected reciprocally. Microinjection is done from the outer side of the wall; drills are made through the joints between the blocks, in order to minimize the damage on the stone itself.  

 

Injection above cornice on the left bank

 

From the inner side of the wall, which we approached only after the archaeological excavations were finished, drilling of holes with wider diameter was done to allow easier injection of grouting mixture. The arch spring on the left bank above cornice was additionally injected.  

 

The importance of this phase in the whole project was already emphasized, because without strong and healthy walls it was not possible to approach the construction of the arch itself. 

 

Drilling machine for injection

 

 

Pavement on cemetery Šemovac

 

the builders could not have had the adequate means of transportation to allocate larger cargos on longer distances. Therefore that radius was very small. For all those reasons and for satisfying all other characteristics, stones from this location will be used.

 

KOMOS

 

Stone blocks prepared for chiseling

 

Selection and chiseling of stones for the first couple of test rows of the arch is done in Komos storage. First couple of arch rows will be placed in “dry”. They will be placed with “masculine” dowel which is already poured with lead, in order to mutually match. These few rows will be mounted to test how technique of placement functions, how portal crane functions, and in what way measurement will be taken. So, this is the last test before finally approaching the procedure of masonry.

 

Treated surface of the stone block

 

 

NEW GROUP OF STONE-CUTTERS

 

Because the works on the site are reaching their peak, and also stone chiseling is at full power, new groups of Contractor’s stone-cutters are arriving on the site every few days. 

 

Stone-cutters are put in categories according to their experience, practice and shown knowledge, and also the manner of chiseling and they are assigned to different tasks.

 

We assume that working hours will be doubled during summer period, while the day is worm and long, which means that two shifts will be arranged. For that reason, large number of stone-cutters is necessary. Long summer day, low water-flow and warm weather must be used for the works on the bridge.  

 

It is foreseen that one arch row is finished every day – that is two to five blocks. This would be the optimal dynamic of work that would satisfy safety and time-schedule demands.

 

Stone-cutters in Komos

 

 

WEB SITE

 

Web site of the Contractor is in the procedure of construction. The information of its exact address will be given in the next newsletter. This web site will allow approach to the information about all current activities on the site, contact addresses, links, photo-gallery etc. A few video cameras will be placed soon, which will allow continuous 24-hour follow of the activities on the site itself and the flow of reconstruction of the Old Bridge over the Internet.   

 

View on the front page of the Contractor’s web site

This NEWSLETTER was made in accordance with prevailing articles of the Contract

No 002/2002 about the Rehabilitation of the Old Bridge, by ER-BU CONSTRUCTION / TURKEY